Cov kuab tshuaj lom zem kawg, raws li cov xim tsis tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no, tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li plastics, cov inks, thiab textiles. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv daim ntawv thov feem ntau ntsib cov kev cov nyom xws li solubility tsis zoo, tsis muaj xim, thiab ib puag ncig ua raws. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim kho cov tshuaj muaj kuab dawb yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Ua ntej, los daws cov teeb meem solubility, ua kom pom kev xaiv cov kuab tshuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb. Txawv cov kuab tshuaj dyes tau sib txawv solubility hauv cov kuab tshuaj ntawm sib txawv ntawm kev sib txawv. Piv txwv li, dej cawv yog tsim nyog rau polar dyes, thaum tsis - polar dyes yog soluble ntau dua hauv hydrocarbons lossis esters. Kev sim tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kuab tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kev sib cais ntawm cov neeg tuag, tsis txhob muaj nag lossis daus lossis xim ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxiv ib qho nqi tsim nyog los yog dispersant tuaj yeem txhim kho solubility thiab ua kom lub qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov xim hauv daim ntawv thov nruab nrab.
Thib ob, xim thiab tsiv teb tsaws chaw tiv thaiv yog cov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo rau cov kuab tshuaj pleev. Txhawm rau txhim kho lub teeb, kub, thiab siv cov khoom siv dyed, xws li cov kev kho mob me lossis cov khoom siv polymer, tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov zas xim rau lub substrate. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev nruj kev tswj hwm ntawm cov txheej txheem dowing, xws li kub, sijhawm, thiab pH, thiab yuav muaj peev xwm txhim kho kom zoo rau cov xim kawg.
Thaum kawg, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb. Cov tshuaj uas muaj cov nplaim hluav taws xob yuav muaj cov hlau hnyav lossis cov orgatile organic (vocs), uas yuav tsis ua raws li cov kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, txhim kho qis - ua kom zoo nkauj, thiab hloov cov kuab tshuaj ntsuab (xws li cov kua dej ntsuab (xws li cov kua dej ionic), yog qhov tseem ceeb yav tom ntej cov lus qhia rau kev lag luam.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov kuab xim cov kev daws yuav tsum muaj kev txiav txim siab solubility, xim yuav tsum tau ua. Los ntawm kev xaiv kev tshawb fawb, cov txheej txheem ua kom ua tau zoo, thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev siv zog ua tau zoo.
